Internal-combustion engine



T. W. KLOMAN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-6.1920

1, 2, Patented Dec. 6, 1921.

fif 2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

III

W 3mwm T. W. KLOMAN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV- 6,1920.

Patented Dec. 6, 1921;

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Suva/WM PATENT OFFICE.

THEODORE W. KLOMAN, OF PARK BIDGE, NEW JERSEY.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 6, 1921.

Application filed November 6, .1920. Serial No. 422,170.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODORE WV. KLo- MAN, a. citizen of the United States, resid ing at Park Ridge, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following i a specification.

The invent-ion relates to motors having two or more cylinders arranged side by side, and more particularly to the valve for controlling the admission of fuel gas to such cylinders and the escape of exhaust therefrom.

The object of the invention is to provide a positively operated hollow rotary cylindrical valve having port and pockets therein cooperating with the cylinder ports and inlet and exhaust passages of the valve casing, whereby the fuel gas is distributed uniformly to all the cylinders and its travel from inlet to exhaust is exactly the same for all such cylinders.

Another important object is to utilize fully the cooling effect of the incoming fuel gas by leading it into direct contact with the warmest interior portions of the valvein its traverse through the latter to the cyl-, inder ports, and to bathe the exterior of the valve in such incoming gas. v

The lnventlon consists in certain novel features and details of construction and arrangement of ports and passages by which as it has been carried out in practice in a four cylinder engine. 1 v

Figure 1 is a lan view of the engine with the bonnets of t e valve casing removed.

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section taken through the axial lines of the cylinders, and showing the valve in side view.

Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are vertical transverse sections taken axially of the cylinders on the line 8-8, 44:, 5-5 and 66 respectively in Fig. 2, showing the valve ports and passages in corresponding positions, and with the bonnets omitted. v

Fig. 7 is a cross-section through the valve, taken on a line between adjacent inlet ports. Fig. Si a vertical longitudinal section through adjacent end portions of one of the bonnets, valve casing and valve, corvalve revolves.

responding to a lar er scale.

imilar letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

A A A and A are the cylinders arranged side by side in alinement, shown .as 111 two pairs, each pair having a hollow cylindrical valve portion, marked B B respectively and the two portions joined end to end to revolve as one. The valve extends across the top of the cylinders and is inclosed in a chambered valve casing A. serving also as the heads for the cylinders.

The valve portions B B are each closed at the ends and at the outer end of B is an axial stud B by which the valve is rotated portion of Fig. 2 and on a through the medium of a pinion B or other means from the main shaft, not shown, or other continuously moving part.

Over each valve portion is a bonnet C serving as a manifold for fuel gas received from a carbureter, not shown, through a pipe and branches indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2, leading to the bonnets of the pairs of cylinders. i i

The casing A' is cored to-provide a waterjacket and has exhaust passages al (Z d and (Z formed therein extending laterally and connecting with an exhaust manifold D.

Fuel gas is delivered to each pair of cylinders through long open ports C C beneath the bonnets, each extending longitudinally of the casing nearly the entire length of each valve portion and of considerable. width so that a large portion of the exterior surface of the valve is exposed to and bathed in thecool gas at all times, new surfaces being successively presented as the The ports C C contain each a shellor lining C in the form of a grate having bridges C extending diagonally across the port and is arranged to take the upward thrust of the valve as will be described.

In the lower face of the casing A, below the valve, are cylinder ports a a a and a each communicating with its cylinder and in line with the inlet ports of the valve. The inlet ports for the cylinder A are 10- catedoppositely to each other in the valve portion B and are marked F F and the ports forj the cylinder A are similarly located but advanced circumferentially and marked F F*.. The inlet ports in the valve portion B for the cylinders A A are simirotation of the valve,and

larly arranged and advanced and are marked F F 6 for the cylinder A and FTF for the cylinder A. These inlet ports register with the corresponding cylinder ports as they are presented to the latter by the ermit fuel gas to flow from the bonnets 8 C across and through the valveto the cylinder ports.

The spent gases from the cylinders escape through the same cylinder ports to channels or pockets formed in the valve and open on the exterior thereof. At one end the exhaust pockets register with the ports and at the other with the exhaust ports or passages in the valve casing and extend partially around the valve to thus register. They are arranged oppositely for each cylinder and are advanced circumferentially in the same manner'as the inlet ports. The pockets form swells of approximately semicircular section on the interior of the valve, as shown in Fig. 7.

The exhaust pockets forthe cylinder A are marked G G and those for the cylinder A are marked G G. The pockets G Gr for the cylinder A and G? G for the cylinder A are similarl arranged but extend oppositely so that t e exhaust passages 03 d 03 and danay lie close together, at the center of the casing A;

Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 show the positions of the inlet ports of the valve relatively to the cylinder ports and pistons in the cylinders A A A and A in Fig. 2; in cylinder A the charge of gas has beentaken in through the inlet ports F F and the piston has commenced its upward COIDPIGSSIOD stroke; cylinder A shows the condition immediately following explosion, the cylinder port a is sealed and th piston has commenced its downward effective stroke; in cylinder A the piston has commenced its downward suction stroke and gas is entering through the inlet ports F F and cylinder port a and in cylinder A the pistonis beginning its upward exhaust stroke and the spent gases are being forced out through the cylinder port a and exhaust pocket G. The pressures on the valve due to explosion and compression are upward, tending to lift the valve and thus cause excessive wear in the upper portion of the bore in which the valve is mounted. To take this strain and avoid distortion of such bore and the consequent friction and leakage, the lining C is introduced having its under surface and bridgesshaped to match the curvature of the valve and lie upon the latter, and is held down to resist the lift of the valve by adjusting screws H extending loosel through the margins of the bonnets C an engaged with the'ends of the lining as in Fig. 8. The screw is held in engagement with the bonnet by a lateral screw H extending through the latter-into a circumof sai the inlet ports, and that the exterior is bathed in the cool gas contained in the honnets and long ports C 0 so that the temperature of the valve is kept as low as practicable and as nearly unlform as possible.

It will also be noted that the fuel gas flows directly and diametrically throughthe valve from the bonnet to the cylinder port of each cylinder and strikes upon the exhaust pocket through which the hot spent gases have just passed, as in Fig. 5, thus bathing the hottest portion ofthe valve in'cool gaswithout retarding the fiow to the cylinder.

The distance traveled by the incoming gas in passing from the ports C C through the valve to the cylinder ports is the same for each cylinder, and as the exhaust pockets are all of the same length and lead to cor respondingly located exhaust passages the travel of the hot spent gases from the cylinder ports to the exhaust passages is the same for all the cylinders. 1

These features of uniformity of gas-travel insure uniformity of action in the several cylinders and in the power developed beside maintaining the valve at a uniform temperature throughout which avoids unequal expansion and insures smooth frictionless yalve action and correspondingly long service; a

The valve islubricated bysuppIying lubricating oil to 'thefuel gas which is thus distributed over the exposed surfaces of the valve in the long ports C I claim V V I In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders set side by side each hav-" ing a cylinder port, a rotatable. hollow cylindrical valve having oppositelylocated inlet portsleading from the exteriorto and communicating with the interior thereof in order to bathe. such" interior, with :intake gases andmatching' to said cylinder ports, arranged to receive fuel gas through one inlet ports and cause such gas to flow diametrically and directly across the interior of said valve and through the other of said inlet ports to one ofjsaid cylinder ports.

2. In an internal combustion engine,'a plurality of cylinders set side by side each having a cylinder port, a rotatable hollow cylindrical valve having oppositely located inlet'ports leadingfrom the exterior to and communieating with therinterior thereof and matching to said cylinder ports, exhaust pockets between said inlet orts circumferentially of said valve, said in ct ports arranged to receive fuel gas through one of said inlet ports and cause such gas to flow diametrically and directly across the interior of said valve and through the other of said inlet ports to one of said cylinder ports and to bathe said pockets in such traverse.'

3. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders set side by side each having a cylinder port, a rotatable hollow cylindrical valve having oppositely located radial inlet port leading from the exterior to and communicating with the interior thereof, and oppositely located exhaust pockets in pairs between said inlet ports circumferentially of said valve, said inlet ports arranged to receive fuel gas to one of said inlet port and cause such gas to flow diametrically and directly across the interior of said valve and through the other of said inlet rts to one of said cylinder ports, and to bat e a pair of said exhaust pockets in such traverse.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders set side by side each havin a cylinder port, a valve casing, a hollow cy indrical valve closed at the ends and rotatably mounted in said casing and having pairs of oppositely located inlet ports in circumferential alinement, a fuel gas chamber in said casing extending longitudinally of said valve and partially inclosing it, said in let ports arranged to register with said chamber and with said cylinder ports and adapted to receive such gas from said chamber through one of said inlet ports and deliver it directly and diametrica ly across the interior of said valve through the other of said inlet ports to said cylinder port, such gas in such traverse enterin and serving to cool the interior of said va ve, and the gas in said chamber serving to cool the exterior of said valve.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders set side by side each having a cylinder port, a valve casing, a hollow cylindrical valve closed at the ends and rotatably mounted in said casing and having pairs of oppositely located inlet ports in circumferential alinement, and pairs of exhaust pockets open on the exterior of said valve and located between said inlet ports circumferentially of said valve, a fuel gas chamber in said casing extendin longitudinally of said valve and partially inclosing it, said inlet ports arranged to register with said chamber and with said cylinder ports and adapted to receive such gas from said chamber through one of said inlet ports and deliver it directly and diametrically across the interior of said valve through the other of said inlet ports to said cylinder port, such gas in such traverse entering and serving to cool the surfaces of said pockets and adjacent interior surfaces of said valve, and the gas in said chamber serving to cool the exterior of said valve.

In testimony'that I claim the invention above set forth I affix my signature.

THEODORE W. KLOMAN. 

